Catnip (Nepeta cataria) is a plant used as a recreational drug to entertain cats but whether cats respond to it is genetically determined. The active compound in catnip which produces its stimulating effect in cats is called nepetalactone. This chemical, which mimics feline sex hormones, protects the plant by attracting lacewings that eat pests like aphids and mites. Nepetalactone also repels mosquitoes. Rubbing against catnip makes cats more resistant to mosquito bites.
Catnip has been used by humans for centuries as a natural remedy for headaches, digestive issues, and insomnia. Mostly employed as a herbal tea, catnip was smoked in the 1960s as a marijuana substitute.
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